OVERVIEW: Magnetic Anomaly Detectors (MAD) are passive sensors designed to detect minute disturbances in the Earth’s magnetic field caused by large ferromagnetic objects, primarily used for submarine detection.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: MAD systems detect anomalies in the Earth’s magnetic field induced by submerged submarines or large metal objects. Typically deployed on maritime patrol aircraft, helicopters, and some surface vessels, they provide a complementary detection method to sonar, especially effective in shallow waters or littoral zones. MAD sensors measure variations in the magnetic field with high sensitivity and relay data for precise localization of underwater threats. Their use dates back to the 1950s and remains critical in anti-submarine warfare (ASW).

ROLE SUMMARY:
Category: Passive Magnetic Sensor / Magnetic Anomaly Detector
Primary Use: Detection of submerged ferromagnetic objects, mainly submarines
Function: Sensing disturbances in Earth’s magnetic field
Platform: Maritime patrol aircraft, ASW helicopters, surface ships
Integration: Linked with sonar and ASW systems for target localization

See Specific information under [Sensors/EW] section.

SOURCE:
Jane’s Underwater Warfare Systems
Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Publications